Does trade reduce poverty ? a view from Africa, Vol. 1 of 1

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Does trade reduce poverty ? a view from Africa

Author:	Le Goff, Maelan; Singh, Raju Jan;	Collection Title:	Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 6327
Country:	Africa;	Date Stored:	2013/01/22
Document Date:	2013/01/01	Document Type:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English	Region:	Africa
Report Number:	WPS6327	SubTopics:	Achieving Shared Growth; Economic Theory & Research; Emerging Markets; Free Trade; Trade Policy
Volume No:	1 of 1

Summary: Although trade liberalization is being actively promoted as a key component in development strategies, theoretically, the impact of trade openness on poverty reduction is ambiguous. A more liberalized trade regime is argued to change relative factor prices in favor of the more abundant factor. If poverty and relative low income stem from abundance of labor, greater trade openness should lead to higher labor prices and a decrease in poverty. However, should the re-allocation of factors be hampered, the expected benefits from freer trade may not materialize. The theoretical ambiguity on the effects of openness is reflected in the available empirical evidence. This paper examines how the effect of trade openness on poverty may depend on complementary reforms that help a country take advantage of international competition. Using a non-linear regression specification that interacts a proxy of trade openness with proxies of various country structural specificities and a panel of 30 African countries over the period 1981-2010, the analysis finds that trade openness tends to reduce poverty in countries where financial sectors are deep, education levels high and governance strong.


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