Macroeconomic and policy implications of population aging in Brazil, Vol. 1 of 1

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Macroeconomic and policy implications of population aging in Brazil

Author:	Jorgensen, Ole Hagen;	Collection Title:	Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5519
Country:	Brazil;	Date Stored:	2011/01/03
Document Date:	2011/01/01	Document Type:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English	Region:	Latin America & Caribbean
Report Number:	WPS5519	SubTopics:	Access to Finance; Emerging Markets; Economic Theory & Research; Debt Markets; Population Policies
Volume No:	1 of 1

Summary: This paper analyzes the macroeconomic implications of population aging in Brazil. Three alternative yet complementary methodologies are adopted, and depending on policy responses to the fiscal implications of aging, there are two main findings: First, saving rates could increase and not necessarily fall as a consequence of aging in Brazil -- thus contradicting conventional views. Second, lifetime wealth across generations could increase -- as capital deepening generates a second demographic dividend. Two policy responses to aging are emphasized: First, a structural policy response of linking mandatory retirement (or entitlement) ages to increasing life expectancy would boost labor supply and reduce the fiscal costs of aging. Second, in terms of preferable parametric policy responses, the second demographic dividend will be promoted to the highest extent by keeping taxes and debt unchanged while allowing public pensions to adjust downward. Such a policy response would keep pensions from further crowding out private saving -- thus balancing capital accumulation with intergenerational income distribution. In conclusion, Brazil will not necessarily experience a fall in saving and growth, but if government policies are appropriately, adequately, and timely formulated, population aging is likely to lead to substantial capital deepening and increases in lifetime income, wealth, and welfare.


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