Environmental and gender impacts of land tenure regularization in Africa : pilot evidence from Rwanda, Vol. 1 of 1

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Environmental and gender impacts of land tenure regularization in Africa : pilot evidence from Rwanda

Author:	Ali, Daniel Ayalew; Deininger, Klaus; Goldstein, Markus;	Collection Title:	Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5765
Country:	Rwanda;	Date Stored:	2011/08/18
Document Date:	2011/08/01	Document Type:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English	Major Sector:	Public Administration, Law, and Justice; Agriculture, fishing, and forestry; Finance
Rel. Proj ID:	1W-Land Policies For Growth And Poverty Reduction: Moving Towards -- -- P095390;	Region:	Africa
Report Number:	WPS5765	Sub Sectors:	General agriculture, fishing and forestry sector; General public administration sector; Housing finance
SubTopics:	Common Property Resource Development; Banks & Banking Reform; Municipal Housing and Land; Urban Housing; Rural Land Policies for Poverty Reduction	TF No/Name:	TF095610-Computerization; TF096734-Impact Evaluation of Land Tenure Regularization in Rwanda; TF097647-India Gendered impacts of NREGA; TF098730-BNPP-GENDER; TF092028-GENDER; TF091533-GENDER; TF091531-GENDER; TF092663-EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT INTERVENTIO; TF098469-New Approaches to securing land tenure in Sub-Saharan Africa
Volume No:	1 of 1

Summary: Although increased global demand for land has led to renewed interest in African land tenure, few models to address these issues quickly and at the required scale have been identified or evaluated. The case of Rwanda's nation-wide and relatively low-cost land tenure regularization program is thus of great interest. This paper evaluates the short-term impact (some 2.5 years after completion) of the pilots undertaken to fine-tune the approach using a geographic discontinuity design with spatial fixed effects. Three key findings emerge from the analysis. First, the program improved land access for legally married women (about 76 percent of married couples) and prompted better recordation of inheritance rights without gender bias. Second, the analysis finds a very large impact on investment and maintenance of soil conservation measures. This effect was particularly pronounced for female headed households, suggesting that this group had suffered from high levels of tenure insecurity, which the program managed to reduce. Third, land market activity declined, allowing rejection of the hypothesis that the program caused a wave of distress sales or widespread landlessness by vulnerable people. Implications for program design and policy are discussed.


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