Economic policy responses to preference erosion : from trade as aid to aid for trade, Vol. 1 of 1

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Economic policy responses to preference erosion : from trade as aid to aid for trade

Author:	Hoekman. Bernard; Prowse, Susan;	Collection Title:	Policy, Research working paper ; no. WPS 3721
Country:	World;	Date Stored:	2005/09/19
Document Date:	2005/09/01	Document Type:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English	Region:	The World Region
Report Number:	WPS3721	SubTopics:	Economic Theory & Research; Free Trade; Trade Policy; Trade and Regional Integration; Rural Land Policies for Poverty Reduction
Volume No:	1 of 1

Summary: Trade preferences are a central issue in ongoing efforts to negotiate further multilateral trade liberalization. "Less preferred" countries are increasingly concerned about the discrimination they confront, while "more preferred" developing countries worry that WTO-based liberalization of trade will erode the value of current preferential access regimes. This tension suggests there is a political economy case for preference-granting countries to explicitly address erosion fears. The authors argue that the appropriate instrument for this is development assistance. The alternative of addressing erosion concerns through the trading system will generate additional discrimination and trade distortions, rather than moving the WTO toward a more liberal, non-discriminatory regime. They further argue that prospective losses generated by most-favored-nation liberalization should be quantified on a bilateral basis, using methods that estimate what the associated transfer should have been and ignoring the various factors that reduce their value in practice (such as compliance costs or the fact that part of the rents created by preference programs accrue to importers in OECD countries). Given that many poor countries have not been able to benefit much from preference programs, a case is also made that preference erosion should be considered as part of a broader response by OECD countries to calls to make the trading system more supportive of economic development. The focus should be on identifying actions and policy measures that will improve the ability of developing countries to use trade for development.


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