How structure of production determines the demand for human capital

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How structure of production determines the demand for human capital, Volume 1

Author:	Gill, Indermit S.; Khandker, Shahidur R.;	Collection Title:	Policy, Research, and External Affairs working papers ; no. WPS 725. Women in development
Date Stored:	1991/07/01	Document Date:	1991/07/31
Document Type:	Policy Research Working Paper	Language:	English
Major Sector:	(Historic)Social Protection	Report Number:	WPS725
Sub Sectors:	Labor Markets & Employment	SubTopics:	Environmental Economics & Policies; Economic Theory & Research; Housing & Human Habitats; Health Monitoring & Evaluation; Agricultural Knowledge and Information Systems
Volume No:	1

Summary: On the issue of women's status, the objectives of this paper are twofold. First, it attempts to make precise some of the claims and allegations regarding the existence of bias against females in the allocation of resources within the household. The idea is to formulate these questions explicitly, so that it is possible to identify whether and to what degree there is evidence of this bias. Second, it identifies causes of this bias with the objective of isolating key factors that can be used for policy. In contrast to earlier studies that attempt to account for male-female differences in human capital, the authors do not assume any discrimination against females either at home (in the parent's utility function) or in the market (in the returns to human capital). It is assumed, however, that women have a comparative advantage in working in some sectors of the economy. Thus, increases in the shares of these sectors will increase the demand for female human capital. This explicit attention to factors that can be used as policy instruments -- and the relative neglect of factors reflecting gender bias in tastes -- is the point of departure from earlier literature. This paper develops the theory, tests the hypotheses, and concludes with a discussion of the policy implications.


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