Research and development (R & D) and development

About

Countries

Data & Research

Learning

News

Projects & Operations

Publications

Topics

Home > Data & Research > Author Profile > Report Details

Research and development (R&D) and development, Volume 1

Author:	Lederman, Daniel; Maloney, William F.;	Collection Title:	Policy, Research working paper ; no. WPS 3024
Date Stored:	2003/05/23	Document Date:	2003/04/30
Document Type:	Policy Research Working Paper	Language:	English
Major Sector:	(Historic)Sector not applicable	Report Number:	WPS3024
Sub Sectors:	(Historic)Sector not applicable	SubTopics:	Environmental Economics & Policies; Scientific Research & Science Parks; Education and Digital Divide; Economic Theory & Research; Science Education; Decentralization; Agricultural Knowledge and Information Systems
Volume No:	1

Summary: Lederman and Maloney trace the evolution of research and development (R&D) expenditures along the development process using a new global panel data set. They show that R&D effort measured as a share of GDP rises with development at an increasing rate. The authors examine how four groups of countries from Latin America, Asia, advanced manufacturing exporters, and advanced natural resource-abundant countries fare relative to the predicted development trajectory. Latin America generally underperforms as do some countries in Asia and Europe, but their striking finding is that some-Finland, Israel, the Republic of Korea, and Taiwan (China)-have radically deviated from the predicted trajectory and displayed impressive R&D takeoffs. The authors ask whether these countries overinvest in R&D but find that the high estimates of the social rates of return probably justify this effort. Moreover, the returns to R&D decline with per capita GDP. The authors attempt to explain why rich countries invest more in R&D than poor countries. They conclude that financial depth, protection of intellectual property rights, government capacity to mobilize resources, and the quality of research institutions are the main reasons why R&D efforts rise with the level of development.


Official Documents Official, scanned versions of documents (may include signatures, etc.)
File Type		Description	File Size (mb)

	PDF 44 pages	Official version*	3.08 (approx.)
	Text	Text version**


Light-Weight Documents Lighter (less MB) documents which may or may not be the final, official version
File Type		Description	File Size (mb)

	PDF 39 pages	WPS3024	0.33

* The official version is derived from scanning the final, paper copy of the document and is the official,
archived version including all signatures, charts, etc.

** The text version is the OCR text of the final scanned version and is not an accurate representation of the final text.
It is provided solely to benefit users with slow connectivity.

Permanent URL for this page: http://go.worldbank.org/L22XA27CC0