The determinants of banking crises : evidence from industrial and developing countries

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The determinants of banking crises : evidence from industrial and developing countries, Volume 1

Author:	Demirguc-Kunt, Asli; Detragiache, Enrica;	Collection Title:	Policy, Research working paper ; no. WPS 1828
Date Stored:	2000/02/24	Document Date:	1997/09/30
Document Type:	Policy Research Working Paper	Language:	English
Major Sector:	Finance	Report Number:	WPS1828
Sub Sectors:	Other Finance	SubTopics:	Payment Systems & Infrastructure; Financial Crisis Management & Restructuring; Banks & Banking Reform; Labor Policies; Insurance & Risk Mitigation; Financial Intermediation; Financial Economics
Volume No:	1

Summary: In the 1980s and 1990s several countries experienced banking crises. The authors try to identify features of the economic environment that tend to breed problems in the banking sector. They do so by economically estimating the probability of a systemic crisis, applying a multivariate logic model to data from a large panel of countries, both industrial and developing, for the period 1980-94. Included in the panel as controls are countries that never experienced banking problems. The authors find that crises tend to occur in a weak macroeconomic environment characterized by slow GDP growth and high inflation. When these effects are controlled for, neither the rate of currency depreciation nor the fiscal deficit are significant. Also associated with a high probability of crisis are vulnerability to sudden capital outflows, low liquidity in the banking sector, a high share of credit to the private sector, and past credit growth. Another factor significantly (and robustly) associated with increased vulnerability in the banking sector is the presence of explicit deposit insurance, suggesting that moral hazard has played a major role. Finally, countries with weak institutions (as measured by a "law and order" index) are more likely to experience crises.


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