| Day One  | March 15 |
| 9:00 – 9:10 | Opening remarks: Francois Bourguignon, Chief Economist World Bank |
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| 9:10 – 11:10 | Session 1: Access to Finance: Concepts and Measurement  |
| Â | Chair: Francois Bourguignon |
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|  | Ross Levine (joint with Asli Demirgüç-Kunt): Finance and Opportunity: Financial Systems and Intergenerational Persistence of Relative Incomes     (also available: authors' presentation) |
| Â | Â | Discussant:Â Oded Galor |
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|  | Maria Soledad Martinez Peria (with Thorsten Beck and Asli Demirgüç-Kunt): Banking for Everyone? Barriers to Bank Access and Use around the World.     (also available: authors' presentation) |
|  |  | Discussant: David Porteous |
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|  | Patrick Honohan: Cross-Country Variation in Household Access to Financial Services     (also available: author's presentation) |
|  |  | Discussant: John Caskey (presentation) |
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| 11:10– 11:40 | Coffee break |
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| 11:40 – 1:00 | Session 2: Microfinance |
| Â | Chair: Elizabeth Littlefield |
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|  | Rob Townsend (with Xavier Gine and James Vickery): Patterns of Rainfall Insurance Participation in Rural India     (also available: authors' presentation) |
|  |  | Discussant: Shawn Cole  (presentation) |
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|  | Jonathan Morduch (with Don Johnston): Microcredit vs. Microsaving: Evidence from Indonesia     (also available: authors' presentation) |
|  |  | Discussant: Xavier Gine  (presentation) |
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| 1:00 – 2:30 | Lunch break |
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| 2:30 – 3:50 | Session 3: Access to finance: Micro-entepreneurs and Firms |
|  | Chair: Simeon Djankov |
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|  | Philippe Aghion (with Thibault Fally and Stefano Scarpetta): Credit Constraints as a Barrier to the Entry and Post-Entry Growth of Firms         (also available: authors' presentation) |
|  |  | Discussant: Simon Johnson (presentation) |
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|  | Christopher Woodruff (with Robert Cull and David McKenzie):  Experimental Evidence on Returns to Capital and Access to Finance in Mexico     (also available: authors' presentation) |
|  |  | Discussant: Matthias Schündeln  |
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| 3:50 – 4:20 | Coffee Break |
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| 4:20 – 6:00 | Panel discussion: Robert Annibale, Mark Bienstman, Donna Childs, Michael Klein, Antoinette Schoar, and Marilou Uy |
|  | Chair: L. Alan Winters |
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Day Two | March 16 |
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| 8:30 – 10:30 | Session 4: Access to finance: Households and Firms |
| Â | Chair : Laurence Carter |
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|  | Leora Klapper (with Asli Demirgüç-Kunt and Georgios Panos): The Origins of Self-Employment     (also available: authors' presentation) |
|  |  | Discussant: Enrique Seira Bejarano  (presentation) |
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|  | Vojislav Maksimovic (with Meghana Ayyagari and Asli Demirgüç-Kunt): Formal versus Informal Finance: Evidence from China       (also available: authors' presentation) |
|  |  | Discussant: Bernard Yeung  (presentation) |
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|  | Bindu Ananth (with Dean Karlan and Sendhil Mullainathan):  Microentrepreneurs and Their Money: Three Anomalies       (also available: authors' presentation) |
|  |  | Discussant: Bilal Zia  (presentation) |
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| 10:30 - 11:00 | Coffee break |
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| 11:00-12:20 | Session 5: Institutions and Access to Finance |
|  | Chair: Asli Demirgüç-Kunt |
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|  | Anna Paulson (with Una Okonkwo Osili): What Can We Learn about Financial Access from U.S. Immigrants?           (also available: authors' presentation) |
| Â | Â | Discussant: Inessa Love (presentation) |
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|  | Thorsten Beck (with Ross Levine and Alex Levkov): Bank Regulation and Income Distribution: Evidence from Branch Deregulation   (also available: authors' presentation) |
|  |  | Discussant: Philip Strahan  (presentation) |
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| 12:20 – 2:00 | Lunch break |
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| 2:00 – 3:20 | Session 6: The Role of Government |
| Â | Chair: Stijn Claessens |
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|  | Paola Sapienza (with Luigi Guiso and Luigi Zingales): The Cost of Banking Regulation      (also available: authors' presentation) |
| Â | Â | Discussant:Â Gerard Caprio |
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|  | Sergio Schmukler (with Augusto de la Torre and Juan Carlos Gozzi): Innovative Experiences in Access to Finance: Market-Friendly Roles for the Visible Hand?   (also available: authors' presentation) |
|  |  | Discussant: Liliana Rojas-Suarez (presentation) |
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Time allocation for each paper: 20 min presentation, 10 min discussant and 10 min floor |
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